Section outline

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    General

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    • Japanese URL

    • This page provides an easy-to-read overview of the course and relevant links.
      For information such as the latest "lesson plans" and "grading evaluation standards and methods,"
      Be sure to check Hokkaido University's official syllabus.



    • The lesson content of "Marine Biogeochemistry" is published in this LASBOS Moodle (Sea Chemistry). 

      Please use it for preparation and review.

    • Chemical Oceanography (by Ooki) Index URL



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    1st time: Water flow

    • sea ​​salt

      Ocean circulation is driven by density differences in seawater. The density of seawater is determined by salinity and temperature.

      First, learn about the factors that determine the salinity of the ocean surface.


    • “Sea Salt” class details URL



    • Ocean circulation

      Deep water forms in the high latitudes of the North Atlantic Ocean, and bottom water forms in the Southern Ocean. Bottom water crawls northward along the bottom of the Atlantic, Indian, and Pacific oceans. Deep water is gradually brought to the middle and surface layers. Surface water quickly returns to the North Atlantic Ocean.



    • Details of the class content of “Ocean Circulation” URL



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    2nd time: Surface mixed layer and spring bloom

    In subarctic waters, a large phytoplankton bloom occurs in early spring when sufficient light penetrates into nutrient-rich surface waters. The bloom ends when surface nutrients are depleted. Learn how bloom works.



    Diatom blooms occur every year in Funka Bay, Hokkaido, from late February to mid-March.



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    3rd-4th: Marine organic matter


    【introduction】　Most of the substances in seawater can be incorporated into organic matter. When organic particles become large, they fall by gravity (sedimentation). When organic matter is used as food for living things, the elements it contains become mineralized. It is easy to understand if we follow the flow of materials in the ocean, focusing on organic matter. Learn about the flow of matter as shown in the picture below.



    • Organic matter size

      To understand the movement of organic particles, their size is important. Learn the size distribution of organic matter.


    • Sedimentation of organic particles


      　Learn the conditions and factors that cause organic particles to settle (gravitational fall) in seawater.

      　The picture below is an example. Let's understand it quantitatively from the calculation formula of sedimentation rate.



    • Class content on marine organic matter URL



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    6-7th: Carbonic acid components of the ocean

    Learn about carbon dioxide (carbonic acid in seawater), which is attracting the most attention in ocean material cycle research.


    • Earth's carbon budget

      　First, learn about the earth's carbon balance.



    • Dissociation equilibrium of carbonic acid components

      　Calculate the concentration of each component from the dissociation equilibrium conditional expression.



    • This is a lesson about carbonic acid components in the ocean. URL



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    8th: Oxygen in the ocean

    In photosynthesis and respiration, oxygen moves in the opposite direction to carbon dioxide. Measuring dissolved oxygen in seawater is the cornerstone of oceanography.


    • Earth's oxygen balance

      First, let's learn about oxygen on Earth.



    • Global distribution of dissolved oxygen

      Learn the factors that determine vertical and horizontal distribution.


    • Class content on dissolved oxygen. URL



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    9-10th: Marine nutritional components

    What determines the distribution of basic production in the ocean is the amount of nutrients supplied to the ocean surface. Learn about the nutritional content of the sea.

    • Nutritional components of land and sea

      We will explain the definition of nutritional components for plants.



    • Basic production model practice questions

      Let's estimate the temporal changes in basic marine production based on the amount of nutrients supplied to the ocean surface, the amount regenerated at the surface, and the amount transported to the depths.



    • This is the lesson content about the nutritional components of the ocean. URL



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    11-12th: Chemistry of marine sediments

    Seawater composition in coastal areas is influenced by chemical changes in seafloor sediments. Learn the chemistry of sediments.

    • Observation to collect sediment from the ocean floor

      The collected sediment is cut into layers and the water (pore water) in the sediment is absorbed. Learn why the nutritional content of pore water changes with depth.。


    • Changes in respiratory mode caused by microorganisms

      Respiration is a redox reaction. Learn the forms of respiration by living organisms from the equations of the equilibrium state of redox reactions.



    • This is the lesson content for the chemistry of marine sediments. URL



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    13th: Marine radionuclides

    Learn about radionuclides distributed in the ocean. I would like to ask Professor TAKATA Hyoe of the Fukushima University Environmental Radioactivity Research Institute to give a lecture.


    • Changes in annual emissions of radioactive cesium and radioactive strontium over time

      Learn about the effects of the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant accident.


    • This is the lesson content about radionuclides in the ocean. URL



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    14th: Chemistry of sea ice

    Learn about the chemistry of sea ice and the chemistry of the polar oceans.


    • What role does sea ice play in the exchange of materials between the ocean and atmosphere? Sea ice is home to a high density of algae called ice algae. Why? There are many things we don't understand about sea ice science. You will learn a wide range of topics, from the basics of sea ice to observation examples.



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    15-16th: Regular exams and preliminary days